introduction
The first wave of Tech Web Motor "Basics" articles is the basics of "Motor Drives".
    According to statistics, in recent years, the annual production of motor motors in the world is about 10 billion units, and its power consumption accounts for about 50% of the total power consumption in the world. This data sounds surprising, but when we count that computer hard drives and optical drives have cooling fans, washing machines, refrigerators, air conditioners, hybrid cars and other items used in the motor motor, it will be able to understand why this number is so large. In addition, countries centered on Europe and the United States have made it clear that they will realize the electrification of cars, and regard it as one of the ways to solve environmental problems, which means that the demand for motor motors will show a strong growth trend.
    On the other hand, due to the introduction of strict energy-saving regulations related to the world‘s energy issues, how to make the use of motor motor equipment to achieve energy saving is an important issue at present. Of course, it is important to realize the energy saving of the motor itself, and the use of high-efficiency motor drive or control methods is also very important.
    Motors as described above motors can be used in a variety of application systems in a variety of fields. Therefore, there are many types of motor motors, and there are also many driving methods and control methods of motor motors. In our Tech Web Motor Basics "Motor Drive" series, we will explain the basic knowledge of motor motors and various motor drive methods.
    First of all, let‘s look at the four major points required by motor motor drives in recent years. In this part I want to start from these four points, talk about the actual motor motor drive.
The four main points required for motor drives
① High reliability
    In order to protect the motor driver IC from abnormal voltages and currents, the motor driver needs to have adequate protection functions, such as the function to prevent misoperation caused by the reduction of the supply voltage. It also requires a current limiting function to control the motor current when the motor is started or when it is forced to stop and block, as well as a function to output the fault state to the external host processor to ensure safety.
② Low power consumption, high efficiency
    In order to reduce the power consumption of the motor, low power components and drive technology are needed. For example, by using the automatic lead Angle adjustment function, very high efficiency can be achieved in a wide range of speed ranges from low to high speed rotation.
③ Quiet, low vibration
    For the noise and vibration of the motor, the optimization of the driving waveform is very important. This requires that according to the use of various fields, the most suitable for various motor magnetic circuit excitation drive technology. For example, the appropriate excitation mode of the brushless DC motor driver (120 degrees, 150 degrees, sine wave), the soft start technology of the fan motor driver, the current Decay method of the stepper motor driver, etc.
④ Control, convenience
    Efficient drive control algorithms such as FLL (speed control) and PLL (phase control) digital motor rotation control technology, as well as high-precision positioning control technology required by actuators, are indispensable for the development of high-performance motor applications. It is required to realize an efficient drive control algorithm that can be easily utilized by designers, for example, by applying the control algorithm that has been processed by hard logic to the driver IC. In addition, compatibility between driver ics improves convenience. When specifications change during development, they can be replaced without changing the mode of the motor drive control board, which is also important for improved convenience.