Power management chip how to measure the internal structure of the power chip
Time:2024-04-04
Views:195
What are the power management chips
Power management chip (PMIC) is an integrated circuit that includes a variety of power rails and power management functions in a single chip. The main function is to select and distribute power to various parts of the main system when there are multiple power supplies. There are many kinds of power management chips, which can be roughly summarized into the following categories:
AC/DC modulation IC: contains low voltage control circuit and high voltage switching transistor to achieve AC/DC conversion.
DC/DC modulation IC: mainly used to achieve voltage conversion, such as boost/buck conversion.
Power factor control PFC pre-tuned IC: provides power input circuit with power factor correction function.
Pulse modulation or pulse-amplitude modulation PWM/PFM control IC: A pulse frequency modulation and/or pulse width modulation controller used to drive external switches.
Linear modulation IC: such as linear low voltage drop regulators (LDO), including positive and negative regulators, as well as low voltage drop LDO modulators, to provide a stable output voltage under limited power supply and supply capacity.
Power management chip (PMIC) is an integrated circuit that includes a variety of power rails and power management functions in a single chip. The main function is to select and distribute power to various parts of the main system when there are multiple power supplies. There are many kinds of power management chips, which can be roughly summarized into the following categories:
AC/DC modulation IC: contains low voltage control circuit and high voltage switching transistor to achieve AC/DC conversion.
DC/DC modulation IC: mainly used to achieve voltage conversion, such as boost/buck conversion.
Power factor control PFC pre-tuned IC: provides power input circuit with power factor correction function.
Pulse modulation or pulse-amplitude modulation PWM/PFM control IC: A pulse frequency modulation and/or pulse width modulation controller used to drive external switches.
Linear modulation IC: such as linear low voltage drop regulators (LDO), including positive and negative regulators, as well as low voltage drop LDO modulators, to provide a stable output voltage under limited power supply and supply capacity.
Battery charging and management ics: includes battery charging, protection, and power display ics, as well as "smart" battery ics for battery data communication.
Hot-strip control IC: eliminates the effect of inserting or removing another interface from the working system.
Switching IC for MOSFET or IGBT.
In addition, the driver chip is also a kind of power management chip, it is mainly through the adjustment of voltage, current and other signals to drive the normal operation of electronic devices and operation control, including LED drivers, LCD drivers, motor drivers, etc. The protection chip is mainly responsible for circuit overvoltage and overcurrent protection, including battery charging IC, load switch and so on.
How to measure the power management chip
To test the quality of the power management chip, you can follow the following steps and methods:
Observe external characteristics: First of all, rationally observe the quality standards of the power management chip, including its appearance, logo, etc., to ensure that the chip meets the basic quality requirements.
Comprehensive professional testing: Select a representative specification model and conduct a comprehensive test of the power management chip. This includes electrical performance testing, functional testing and environmental adaptability testing.
Electrical characteristics test: including input voltage range test to ensure that the chip works normally under different input voltages, and record output voltage, current and other parameters; Output voltage accuracy test to ensure it meets specifications; Efficiency testing, under standard input voltage and load conditions, ensures that the chip has a low energy consumption.
Function test: test the startup and shutdown function of the chip to ensure its normal operation; And over current protection function to verify its protection effect in the case of over current.
Environmental adaptability test: The chip is placed in a temperature box and temperature cycle test is carried out to check its working stability at different temperatures.
Choose a professional brand: If you do not know how to identify the quality of the power management chip, you can choose a professional brand to compare, so that you can know which brand is more trustworthy, and ensure that it has an advantage in quality.
Use professional test tools: During the test process, you can use oscilloscopes, multi-purpose meters, load boards, external power supplies and other tools. Oscilloscope can measure voltage, current, waveform and other parameters; Multipurpose meter can measure voltage, current, resistance, capacitance and other parameters; The load board can simulate the real load situation; External power supply can provide stable voltage and current.
The function and working principle of power management chip
The power management chip is responsible for the transformation, distribution, detection and other power management functions in the electronic equipment system. It is mainly responsible for identifying the CPU power supply amplitude, generating the corresponding short moment wave, and promoting the power output of the back-end circuit.
Its role is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
Energy saving and battery life extension: The power management chip can achieve efficient power management and control according to different application scenarios and load requirements to achieve energy saving and battery life extension. For example, it can dynamically adjust parameters such as power supply voltage and current to adapt to different load requirements, thereby improving battery efficiency and life.
Protect system safety and stability: The power management chip can monitor key parameters such as battery power, power supply temperature, voltage and current to ensure the safety and stability of the system. When the battery is too low or too high, and the current is too large or too small, the power management chip will automatically control and protect the power system to prevent the system from being damaged or faulty due to power problems.
Improve system efficiency and performance: The power management chip can improve the efficiency and performance of the entire system by optimizing the efficiency and performance of the power system. For example, it can improve voltage stability, prevent voltage reversal, etc.
What is the normal working voltage of the power management chip
The normal operating voltage of the power management chip varies according to different chip models. Usually, the operating voltage of the power management chip can be found in the data manual of the chip. For example, the common power management chip TL431 operates from 2.5V to 36V, and other models of power management chips may have different operating voltage ranges. Therefore, it is necessary to determine its normal operating voltage according to the specific chip model.
This article will take a DC/DC step-down power chip LM2675 as an example to look at the internal structure of the power chip.
Typical application circuits for LM2675-5.0:
Hot-strip control IC: eliminates the effect of inserting or removing another interface from the working system.
Switching IC for MOSFET or IGBT.
In addition, the driver chip is also a kind of power management chip, it is mainly through the adjustment of voltage, current and other signals to drive the normal operation of electronic devices and operation control, including LED drivers, LCD drivers, motor drivers, etc. The protection chip is mainly responsible for circuit overvoltage and overcurrent protection, including battery charging IC, load switch and so on.
How to measure the power management chip
To test the quality of the power management chip, you can follow the following steps and methods:
Observe external characteristics: First of all, rationally observe the quality standards of the power management chip, including its appearance, logo, etc., to ensure that the chip meets the basic quality requirements.
Comprehensive professional testing: Select a representative specification model and conduct a comprehensive test of the power management chip. This includes electrical performance testing, functional testing and environmental adaptability testing.
Electrical characteristics test: including input voltage range test to ensure that the chip works normally under different input voltages, and record output voltage, current and other parameters; Output voltage accuracy test to ensure it meets specifications; Efficiency testing, under standard input voltage and load conditions, ensures that the chip has a low energy consumption.
Function test: test the startup and shutdown function of the chip to ensure its normal operation; And over current protection function to verify its protection effect in the case of over current.
Environmental adaptability test: The chip is placed in a temperature box and temperature cycle test is carried out to check its working stability at different temperatures.
Choose a professional brand: If you do not know how to identify the quality of the power management chip, you can choose a professional brand to compare, so that you can know which brand is more trustworthy, and ensure that it has an advantage in quality.
Use professional test tools: During the test process, you can use oscilloscopes, multi-purpose meters, load boards, external power supplies and other tools. Oscilloscope can measure voltage, current, waveform and other parameters; Multipurpose meter can measure voltage, current, resistance, capacitance and other parameters; The load board can simulate the real load situation; External power supply can provide stable voltage and current.
The function and working principle of power management chip
The power management chip is responsible for the transformation, distribution, detection and other power management functions in the electronic equipment system. It is mainly responsible for identifying the CPU power supply amplitude, generating the corresponding short moment wave, and promoting the power output of the back-end circuit.
Its role is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
Energy saving and battery life extension: The power management chip can achieve efficient power management and control according to different application scenarios and load requirements to achieve energy saving and battery life extension. For example, it can dynamically adjust parameters such as power supply voltage and current to adapt to different load requirements, thereby improving battery efficiency and life.
Protect system safety and stability: The power management chip can monitor key parameters such as battery power, power supply temperature, voltage and current to ensure the safety and stability of the system. When the battery is too low or too high, and the current is too large or too small, the power management chip will automatically control and protect the power system to prevent the system from being damaged or faulty due to power problems.
Improve system efficiency and performance: The power management chip can improve the efficiency and performance of the entire system by optimizing the efficiency and performance of the power system. For example, it can improve voltage stability, prevent voltage reversal, etc.
What is the normal working voltage of the power management chip
The normal operating voltage of the power management chip varies according to different chip models. Usually, the operating voltage of the power management chip can be found in the data manual of the chip. For example, the common power management chip TL431 operates from 2.5V to 36V, and other models of power management chips may have different operating voltage ranges. Therefore, it is necessary to determine its normal operating voltage according to the specific chip model.
This article will take a DC/DC step-down power chip LM2675 as an example to look at the internal structure of the power chip.
Typical application circuits for LM2675-5.0:
Open the LM2675 DataSheet and first look at the block diagram:
This diagram contains all the internal unit modules of the power chip. We have understood the BUCK structure very well. The main function of this chip is to drive the MOS tube, and form a loop to control the PWM drive power MOS tube by detecting the output state through FB pin, so as to achieve stable voltage or constant current output. This is a non-synchronous mode power supply, that is, the continuous current device is an external diode, rather than an internal MOS tube.
Its working principle mainly includes the following aspects:
Power monitoring: The power management chip can monitor the input and output voltage, current, temperature and other parameters of the power supply in real time to ensure that the power supply works in a safe and reliable range.
Power regulation: According to the requirements of the system, the power management chip can adjust the power supply to ensure stable voltage and current output to meet the power supply requirements of each component.
Power protection: The power management chip can realize the over-current protection, over-voltage protection, over-temperature protection and other functions of the power supply to prevent the power supply from being damaged due to abnormal conditions and protect the stable operation of the system.
Power management: Through software control, the power management chip can realize the management functions of the power switch, sleep, wake up, etc., to improve the energy efficiency and convenience of the system.
In the working principle of the power management chip, it is first necessary to receive the power input signal, usually from the external power adapter, lithium battery or other direct current voltage. Then, the power management chip will regulate the input power signal to ensure that the output voltage is stable and suitable for the required circuit operation. This voltage stabilization process generally detects the actual value of the output voltage through the feedback loop, and compares it with the expected output voltage to achieve accurate voltage stability control.
Please note that different power management chips may have different characteristics and functions, so in the specific application, it is necessary to choose the right power management chip according to the actual needs, and refer to the relevant technical documents and materials to ensure its correct and effective use.
Its working principle mainly includes the following aspects:
Power monitoring: The power management chip can monitor the input and output voltage, current, temperature and other parameters of the power supply in real time to ensure that the power supply works in a safe and reliable range.
Power regulation: According to the requirements of the system, the power management chip can adjust the power supply to ensure stable voltage and current output to meet the power supply requirements of each component.
Power protection: The power management chip can realize the over-current protection, over-voltage protection, over-temperature protection and other functions of the power supply to prevent the power supply from being damaged due to abnormal conditions and protect the stable operation of the system.
Power management: Through software control, the power management chip can realize the management functions of the power switch, sleep, wake up, etc., to improve the energy efficiency and convenience of the system.
In the working principle of the power management chip, it is first necessary to receive the power input signal, usually from the external power adapter, lithium battery or other direct current voltage. Then, the power management chip will regulate the input power signal to ensure that the output voltage is stable and suitable for the required circuit operation. This voltage stabilization process generally detects the actual value of the output voltage through the feedback loop, and compares it with the expected output voltage to achieve accurate voltage stability control.
Please note that different power management chips may have different characteristics and functions, so in the specific application, it is necessary to choose the right power management chip according to the actual needs, and refer to the relevant technical documents and materials to ensure its correct and effective use.
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