What is Brushless DC Motor BLDC and Its Applications
Time:2024-01-24
Views:353
Brushless DC motor (BLDC) overcomes the inherent defects of brushless DC motor by replacing mechanical commutator with electronic commutator. Therefore, BLDC motor not only has the characteristics of good speed regulation performance of DC motor, but also has the advantages of simple AC motor structure, no commutation sparks, reliable operation, and easy maintenance. The essence of a brushless DC motor is a DC power input, which uses an electronic inverter to convert DC power into AC power. It is a three-phase AC permanent magnet synchronous motor with rotor position feedback. Compared to conventional DC motors in terms of performance, it has significant advantages and is currently the most ideal speed regulating motor.
1、 Introduction to Brushed DC Motors
Before introducing brushless DC motors, let‘s first take a look at brushless motors:
DC motors are known for their excellent starting performance, speed regulation performance, and other advantages. Among them, brushless DC motors belonging to the category of DC motors use mechanical commutators, making the driving method simple. The model diagram is shown in the following figure.
Schematic diagram of DC motor model
Operation diagram of DC motor (brushed motor)
The motor is mainly composed of a stator made of permanent magnet materials, a rotor (armature) wound with coil windings, a commutator, and brushes. As long as a certain DC current is applied to both ends of the brush A and B, the commutator of the motor will automatically change the direction of the magnetic field of the motor rotor, so that the rotor of the DC motor will continue to operate.
DC motors have the following drawbacks
The relatively complex structure increases manufacturing costs;
Easy to be affected by the environment (such as dust), which reduces the reliability of work;
Sparks may be generated during commutation, limiting the scope of use;
Easy to damage, increases maintenance costs, etc.
2、 Introduction to Brushless DC Motors
The "BL" in BLDC motors means "brushless", which means that the "brush" in DC motors (brushless motors) is no longer present.
Brushless DC motor (BLDC) replaces mechanical commutator with electronic commutator, so BLDC motor not only has the characteristics of good speed regulation performance of DC motor, but also has the advantages of simple AC motor structure, no commutation sparks, reliable operation, and easy maintenance.
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